Pegasus: Fasahar leken asiri wacce ke barazana ga dimokiradiyya
Daga: Wali lawan isah
Masu fafutuka da masu bincike sun gano manhajar kamfanin Isra’ila da ke kutse a wayar salula ta ‘yan gwagwarmaya,‘ yan jarida da shugabannin gudanarwa. Manhajar na iya rikodin kiranku, kwafa saƙonninku kuma su yi fim ɗinku a ɓoye.
Masu binciken tsaro sun gano shaidar ko an samu nasarar ko sanya Pegasus, wata manhaja da wani kamfanin tsaro na intanet nw
Wayoyin sun kasance a cikin jerin kungiyoyin gwagwarmaya dake da lambobin waya sama da dubu hamsin ga 'yan siyasa, alkalai, lauyoyi, malamai da sauransu. Har ila yau a cikin wannan jerin sunayen Firayim Minista 10 ne, shugabanni uku da wani sarki, jaridar Washington Post ta ruwaito, kodayake babu wata hujja da ke nuna cewa kasancewa a cikin jerin na nufin an yi yunkurin kai hari ko nasara.
Kamfanin NSO ce ta kirkireshi, Pegasus shine sabon misalin mafi ƙarancin yadda dukkanmu muke cikin damuwa da liken asiri ta dijital. Babban bayaninmu na sirri - hotuna, saƙonnin rubutu da imel - ana ajiye su a wayoyin mu. Kayan leken asiri na iya bayyana kai tsaye abin da ke gudana a rayuwarmu, ta hanyar keta bayanan da ke kare bayanan da aka aiko ta intanet.
Lambobin waya dubu hamsin an haɗa su da wayoyi a duk duniya, kodayake NSO tana jayayya game da haɗin tsakanin jerin da ainihin wayoyin da Pegasus ke niyya. Na'urorin mutane da dama na kusa da shugaban kasar Mexico Andrés Manuel López Obrador suna cikin jerin, kamar yadda na 'yan jaridar CNN, Associated Press, New York Times da' yan jaridar Wall Street Journal. Amma wayoyi daga mutane da yawa a cikin jerin, ciki har da Claude Mangin, matar dan gwagwarmayar siyasa na kasar Faransa da ke kurkuku a Marocco, sun kamu da cutar ko kuma an kai musu hari.
Ga abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da Pegasus.
Menene Kungiyar NSO?
Kamfani ne na Isra’ila wanda ke ba da lasisin kayan aikin sa ido ga hukumomin gwamnati. Kamfanin ya ce manhajar na Pegasus yana ba da sabis mai mahimmanci saboda fasahar ɓoyewa na nufin masu laifi da 'yan ta'adda sun "shiga duhu." Manhajar yana gudana a asirce akan wayoyin zamani, yana ba da haske kan abin da masu su ke yi. Sauran kamfanoni suna ba da irin wannan manhajar.
Babban Darakta Shalev Hulio ne ya kafa kamfanin a shekarar 2010. Kamfanin ya kuma ba da wasu kayan aikin da za su gano inda ake amfani da waya, su kare jirage marasa matuka da kuma bayanan tilasta bin doka don gano alamu.
Rukunin NSO ya shiga cikin rahotanni da kararraki da suka gabata a wasu fasahohin, ciki har da rahoton da aka samu na wanda ya kirkiro kamfanin Amazon Jeff Bezos a shekarar 2018. Wani dan adawar Saudiyya ya kai kamfanin kara a shekarar 2018 kan zargin rawar da ya taka wajen yin kutse kan wata na’urar dan jarida Jamal Khashoggi, wanda aka kashe shi a cikin ofishin jakadancin Saudiyya da ke Turkiyya a waccan shekarar.
Menene Pegasus?
Pegasus shine sanannen manhajar NSO. Ana iya girka shi daga nesa ba tare da manufa ta sa ido ba har abada da buɗe takaddar ko mahaɗin gidan yanar gizo, a cewar Washington Post. Pegasus ya bayyana duk ga abokan cinikin NSO waɗanda ke sarrafa shi - saƙonnin rubutu, hotuna, imel, bidiyo, jerin lambobin sadarwa - kuma suna iya yin rikodin kiran waya. Hakanan yana iya kunna microphone ta waya da kyamarori a ɓoye don ƙirƙirar sabbin rakodi, in ji Washington Post.
Ayyukan tsaro na gaba ɗaya kamar sabunta software ɗinka da amfani da tabbatattun abubuwa biyu na iya taimaka wajan kiyaye ɓatattun masu fashin baki, amma kariya tana da wahala sosai yayin da ƙwararre, maharan da ke da kuɗaɗen kuɗi suka tattara albarkatun su ga mutum.
Kungiyar kare hakkin dan adam ta Amnesty International, ta ba da bayanai dalla-dalla kan yadda ta gano wayoyin salula na zamani zuwa NSO Group. Citizen Lab, wata kungiyar tsaro ce ta kasar Kanada a Jami’ar Toronto, ta ce da kanta ta tabbatar da abin da Amnesty International ta yanke bayan ta yi nazarin bayanan ajiyar wayar.
Wayoyin wa Pegasus suka saka?
Baya ga Mangin, wayoyin 'yan jarida biyu a cibiyar binciken Hungary Direkt36 sun kamu da Pegasus, in ji Guardian.
An kaddamar da harin Pegasus ne a wayar Hanan Elatr, matar dan jaridar nan da aka kashe dan Saudiyya, Jamal Khashoggi, in ji jaridar Washington Post, duk da cewa ba a bayyana ba idan harin ya yi nasara. Amma kayan leken asiri sun shiga wayar budurwar Khashoggi, Hatice Cengiz, jim kaɗan bayan mutuwarsa.
Kuma an samu mutane bakwai a Indiya da wayoyin da ke dauke da cutar, ciki har da ‘yan jarida biyar da mai ba da shawara daya ga jam’iyyar adawa da ke sukar Firayim Minista Narendra Modi, in ji jaridar Washington Post.
Ta yaya zan iya sanin ko wayata ta kamu?
Amnesty International ta fitar da wata hanyar bude ido wacce ake kira MVT (Kayan Tabbatar da Wayar Hannu) wanda ta gina wanda aka tsara shi don gano alamun Pegasus. Software yana gudana akan kwamfutar mutum kuma yana nazarin bayanan gami da fayilolin ajiyar waje waɗanda aka fitar dasu daga wayar iPhone ko Android.