01. JIGILA ZUWA SARARIN SAMANIYA.
Ibrahim Alkatibi Daurawa.
A ranar 04/10/1957 Kasar Tarayya Soivet ta Shammaci Kasar Amurka da cilla Watan Dan Adam wanda ya kewaya Duniya a karo na farko a Tarihin Dan Adam. Wannan ne kuma ya Kaddamar da tsere da gasar zuwa Sararin Samaniya, shi ne kuma abin da ya bude Karnin Mallakar Sararin Samaniya ga dan Adam wato abin da ake kira da Turancin Space Age.
Abin da ya baiwa Kasar Tarayyar Soviet wato USSR wannan damar a bisa Amurka shi ne Mallakar Fasahar Kera Rocket fiye da kowace Kasa a Duniya a lokacin. Wannan shi ne ya Ingiza Kasar Amurka ta ware Magudan Kudade ta nemo masu Fasaha a ko'ina daga Sassan daban daban na Duniya, ta shiga Wannan gasar gadan-gadan ba ji ba gani.
Mallakar Fasahar da Kuma Zanawa da Kera Rocket/ Roka wani abu ne da yake Lazim ga duk wata Kasa ko wasu gungun Mutane da suke son keta Sararin Samaniya, kodai don Mallakar Duniya da babakere a Siyasa da tattalin Arziki ko don Kwasar Arzikin da Allah ya dankare a Sararin Samaniya ko don Inganta rayuwar Dan Adam a Duniya a fanninka daban daban.
Saboda a wannan Zamanin da muke rayuwa Rocket shi ne kadai Na'urar Jigilar Mutane da kayan aikinsu daga Wannan Duniyar zuwa Sararin Samaniya ko Sila zuwa Wata Duniyar. Wajibi ne ka san Kimiyya da Fasahar Kerashi da tukashi da Sarrafashi a Sararin Samaniya da kuma yadda za ka dawo cikin Duniya. Don kada ayi Hawan Bishiyar Dakwale ba hawan ba saukar.
Saboda Wannan Mahimmancin da Rocket yake da shi a Jigilar zuwa Sararin Samaniya, zamu yi dubi mu ga menene Rocket. Ya ake tukashi ko Sarrafashi. Na'ukansa, Fasahar da Kimiyyar Kerashi. Aiyuka da amfanin da ake da shi a wannan duniya. Tasirin Rocket wajen sauya rayuwar Dan Adam abin da ya kawo gagarumin Sauyi a Duniya.
Za kuma mu yi dubi zuwa ga alakar rocket da Dokokin Motsi na Sir Isaac Newton kamar yadda muka yi alkawari a baya, har ma da Ka'idoji na wasu Masana a wasu fannunkan.
Za mu yi dubi mu ga menene ya saka Rocket ya zama shi kadai Tilo ne Na'urar Jigila zuwa Sararin Samaniya, menene Sirrun da komai ya ta'alla akan Rocket, bayan akwai Injinoni da Na'urori daban daban masu tashi a Sama?
Amma ba nufin mu bane mu koyar da Kimiya ko Fasahar Kera Rocket, burin mu shi ne a fahimci Wannan na'ura da alfanunta da kuma Yayewa Mutane Wahamin da suke da shi game da Sirrun Kerawa, Sarrafawa da Mallakar wannan Na'ura. Yadda za a fahimci ba Siddabaru bane ko wani Tsafi. Aikin Kwakwalwane kawai kuma kowa ma Zai iya idan ya dage ya kuma dogara ga Allah.
Yana da kyau kuma Matasanmu mu farka tun da wuri mu shiga gasar Zuwa Sararin Samaniya, mu fara samar da Masa'antun Sararin Samaniya.
ROKET A TARIHI A TAKAICE
Wannan Na'urar da ake kira rocket ko Roka, ba yau ne aka fara keta ba, ko amfani da ita ba, Sama da shekara 2000 zuwa 2500. Wato tun farkon karni na farko Kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa as. Daulolin Kasar Sin wato China ana amfani da wani abu da yake da kama da Roket. Sai dai ba Sifar ko Yanayin aikin yake daya ba. Amma ya dace da Fasahar Mutanen wannan Zamanin.
Tun Zamanin da Chinese suka gano Fasahar hada abin da ake kira "Black Powder' suke amfani da shi a Yaki da kuma wasan Wuta a wajen Wasan al'adunsu. Bakar Hoda ba alburushi bane don a lokacin ba a gano Fasahar hada Alburushi ba, balle Bindiga. Larabawa suna kiransa da 'Kankara daga Sin' Farisawa (Iran) suna kiransa da ' Gishiri daga China'
Bakar Huda ana hadata ne da Garin Gawayi da Farar Wuta (Sulfur), da Gishirin Mangul wato Saltpeter ( Potassium Nitrate ). Wadannan Sinadaran ake hadawa ana nikesu. Idan aka saka musu Wuta Illarsu ba karama bace a lokacin.
Daulolin CHIN (221--207 BC) da HAN (206--AD 220) sun yi amfani da bakar Hoda, su kan durata a cikin Itacen Kuka da aka rarake. Idan aka saka Wuta tana yin Wata irin kara mai Tsoratarwa, ta tarwatse ta kone duk abin da ta samu.
Daular SUN wacce ta wanzu a karni na (AD 960--1279), Sun yi amfani da shi a wajen Wasan Wuta a lokacin Wasannin Al'adarsu.
Wasu daga cikin Daulolin Sin sun Inganta Bakar Hoda suna Yaki da shi, suna fafake itacen Kuka ko wani Itace mai Kwari su Zuba Bakar Hoda su cusa Kibiyoyin da suka shafa musu Dafi. Su dinga cinnawa Itacen Wuta Kibau na fita da wuta har nisan Yadi dari ko fi. suna kiran makamin da sunan KIBAU WUTA. Suna amfani da shi ta salo daban daban, Wani Salon na harbo Kibau wajen Dari tashi daya da roka, suna kiransa Garken Damisa . Wanda suke zubar da Rundonin Mayaka masu yawa a tashi daya.
Mangolawa sun yi amfani da Roka wajen rusa Birnin Bagadaza a Shekara ta 15/2/1258.
Hannuna bai fada akan wani cikakken bincike da Nazari da Masana Kimiyya Musulmi suka yi akan Bakar Hoda ba, abin da kuma bincikensu ne Silar fara Inganta Roka har ake Bingigogin Igwa da su abin da a karshe a ka yi amfani da Iliminsu akansu ranar da Arnar Mangowala suka dinga yi musu ruwan Roka a Birnin Bagadaza suka koneshi. Faransawa (France ) da suka fara Kokarin kame Misara a lokacin Sarki Saint Louis. De Joinville ya rubuta cewa a lokacin da suke gabashin gabar kogin Nilu suna kokarin Kame Garin Damietta Larabawa a daya gabar sun dinga cillo musu roka har suka koresu.
Bayan Karnin juyin Masana'antu na Turai ba a samu wani da ya bada lokacinsa ya yi Nazari akan Roka ba. Sai a karshen Karni na Sha tara,
Malamin Makaranta dan Kasar Rasha mai suna Kostantin Eduardovitch Tsiolkovsky, ya yi Nazari mai zurfi akan Roka a matsayin Na'urar da zata kai Mutane Zuwa Sararin Samaniya. Ya samar da Lissafi da wasu Ka'idoji na aikin Injin Roket.
Wani Mai Kirkira dan Kasar Jamus ( Germany) mai suna Hermann Ganswindt. A karshen Karni na 19 shima ya yi kokari wajen nusar da kuma Jawo hankalin Masana amfani Rocket wajen Jigilar Sararin Samaniya da Bulagoro zuwa Sama mai Nisa.
Amma dukkansu babu wanda ya yi nasarar jawo hankalin Mutane zuwa ga Roket. Dalili kuwa Wanda ake da shi a lokacin mai amfani da Makamashin Bakar Hoda ne. Akasarin Mutane kuma suna ganin Roket a matsayin na'urar Wasan Wuta. Duk wanda ka ce masa za a keta Sararin Samaniya ko za a je wata Duniyar dashi zai yi maka dariya ne ko ya ce Kwakwalwarka ta tabu.
Mutum na farko da ya yi bincike mai zurfi akan Roket shi ne Professor Robert H. Goddard na Jami'ar Worcester, Massachuttes ta Kasar Amurka.
Prof. Robert ya yi nazari akan abin mafi Mahimmanci wato Makamashin Roket daban daban abin da ake kira da GunPodwer wato alburushi. Don ya gano wane albushi ne mafi ficewa da Gudu daga Salansar roket.
Sannan ya yi nazari akan Yanayin Motsi da tashin roket ta hanya daban daban sakamakon amfani da Makamashi iri daban daban.
Bincikensa ya tabbatar masa akwai banbanci a tsakanin amfani da Makamashi na ruwa da kuma Makamashi Sandararre. Wato Liquid-fuel da kuma Solid-Fuel. Ya mika Sakamakon Bincikensa ga Taron Masana na Smithsonian a Shekarar 1919 mai Taken; HANYAR KAIWA GA KOLULUWAR NISA A SAMA.
Shekara hudu bayan mika rahoton bincikensa wani Professor dan Kasar Jamus mai suna Hermann Oberth. Ya Wallafa Littafin da yake Karfafa yi wuwar amfani da Makamashin ruwa da kuma hanyoyin da za a kera Roket mai amfani da Makamashin Ruwa. Wanda za a harba shi ya keta Sama zuwa Falaki ya kewaya Duniya.
Wannan littafin na Prof. Hermann ne ya yi sanadin kafa Kungiyar bulaguro zuwa Sararin Samaniya a Shekarar 1927. Manufar Kungiyar shine kera Roket irin wanda Prof. Hermann ya Hasashe.
Prof. Robert H. Goddard ya kera Roket mai amfani da Makamashin ruwa na farko a ranar 16/03/1926. Ya kuma harba shi Sama. Duk da bai yi nisa a sama ba, amma bincikensa ya tabbatar da cewa Kera Roket mai amfani da Liquid-fuel mai yiwuwa ne. Wannan binciken ne ya bude hanyar Kera Na'urar da ta sauya Rayuwar dan Adam gabadaya, ta kimsa masa wani tunani da ko a mafarki bai taba yinsa ba.. Na'urar ta tabbatarwa da Dan Adam burinsa na Zuwa Wasu Duniyoyi Wanda bai ma taba kawoshi a Kwakwalwarsa ba. Ta bude masa kofar Arzikin da bai taba mafarkin Mallakarsa ba. Na'urar da ta kuma bude masa kofar Matsalolin da bai taba mafarkin cin karo da su ba a Zamansa na Duniya.
MENENE ROKA KO ROCKET?
Wannan ne rubutunmu na gaba Insha Allah.